Уравнения элементарные
1) sin 2x = √2/2
2x = pi/4 + 2pi*k; x1 = pi/8 + pi*k
2x = 3pi/4 + 2pi*n; x2 = 3pi/8 + pi*n
2) cos(x/3) = 1/2
x/3 = pi/3 + 2pi*k; x1 = pi + 6pi*k
x/3 = -pi/3 + 2pi*n; x2 = -pi + 2pi*n
3) cos 4x = 0
4x = pi/2 + 2pi*k; x1 = pi/8 + pi/2*k
4x = 3pi/2 + 2pi*n; x2 = 3pi/8 + pi/2*n