Определите формы и функции герундия 1. One of the best ways of keeping the speed steady...

Question

Определите формы и функции герундия
1. One of the best ways of keeping the speed steady is using a computer for this purpose.
2. Newton's having made a mistake in his calculations has no influence on his theory.
3. Supercomputer is able of performing one billion operations a second.
4. On being turned on the radar will warn the driver about stationary or slow-moving objects on the road.
5. Upon being heated the molecules begin moving very rapidly.
6. The white line in the center of the road is one of the most effective means of controlling traffic.
7. On graduating from the Moscow Higher Technical School S.P. Korolev began working in the field of rocket design.
8. The function of a car computer is detecting and summing up the information about the road conditions.
9. Monitoring and adjusting air pressure in tires is one of the new developments of the car designers.
10. It is difficult to solve some of the present-day scientific and technological problems without using supercomputers.

Answer 1

1. ing-form, отглагольное сущ "использование (using)"
2. ing-form, отглагольное сущ "имение (having)" (по-русски - наличие)
3. ing-form, после предлогов (здесь: of) ставим ing-form
4. ing-form, после предлогов (здесь: on) ставим ing-form
5. ing-form, после предлогов (здесь: upon) ставим ing-form
6. ing-form, после предлогов (здесь: of) ставим ing-form
7. ing-form, после предлогов (здесь: on) ставим ing-form
8. ing-form, отглагольное сущ "определение (detecting)"
9. ing-form, отглагольные сущ "контроль и регулирование (Monitoring and adjusting)"
10. ing-form, после предлогов (здесь: without), ставим ing-form
Если что, то функции в том, что по-русски это всё-существительные. (ing-form)