Решение
1)a^(k+2) - a^k = [(a^)*a²] - a^k = (a^k)*(a² - 1)
2)x^(p+2) - x^(p+1) = [(x^p)*x² - (x^p)*x] = [x* (x^p)]*(x - 1)
3)x^(p+3) - x^(p+1) = [(x^p)*x³ - (x^p)*x] = [x*(x^p)]*(x² - 1)
3)b^(n-3) - b^n - b(n-2) = (b^n)*b⁻³ - (b^n) - ( b^n)*b⁻² =
= (b^n)*(1/b³ - 1 - 1/b²)