1)
C4H8+HBr--->C4H9Br
C4H9Br+KOH(спирт)--->C4H8+H2O+KBr
C4H8+Br2--->C4H8Br2
C4H8Br2+2KOH (спирт, t)=C4H6+2KBr+2H2O
C4H6+H2O(Hg⁺)--->С4Н8О (бутаналь)
2) H H
Ι Ι
C2H6+Br2(t)---> H-C-C-Br+HBr
Ι Ι
CH3 H H CH3
Ι Ι
CH3-CH-CH3+Br2(t)--->HBr+CH3-CBr-CH3
CH2 CH2
/ \ +Br2(hV)---> / \
CH2 - CH2 CBr - CBr
/\ /\
Ι Ι +Br2(hV)---> Ι Ι_Br +HBr
\/ \/