Помогите пожалуйста ответить ** вопросы к тексту: 1) What does the word “law” refer to?...

Question

Помогите пожалуйста ответить на вопросы к тексту:
1) What does the word “law” refer to?
2) What ways do societies make their laws in?
3) What are the functions of lawyers?
4) What are the parties in a criminal case?
5) What are the parties in a civil lawsuit?
As the formal rules of a society, laws describe what people should and should not do. A ruler, a legislature, or a religious institution can make laws. The word law also refers to the study of laws—how they are made and what they mean. Lawyers and judges are professional experts in law.
Societies make their laws in different ways. Many laws come from religion or people's ideas about what is right. Others are based on traditional customs. Sometimes a supreme ruler, such as a dictator or a monarch, makes the laws. Often a legislature, or group of lawmakers, creates the laws. Legislatures can be part of national, state, or local governments.
Most countries record, or write down, their laws. A collection of written laws is called a code. In addition to codes of laws, the United States and the United Kingdom have a system of common law. Common law is made up of the decisions of judges in past court cases.

Answer 1

1)  the word “law” refer to what people should and should not do.
2) societies make their laws in such ways as religion or people's ideas about what is right, it can also based on traditional customs.
3)  the functions of lawyer is to be an expert  in law.
4) there are lawyer and prosecutor in a criminal case.(по тексту не дано)
5) there are defendant and claimant in a civil lawsuit.

Comments

спасибки)

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проверьте 2 последних, мне кажется вы не весь текст выложили здесь)

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да точно есть продолжение) The laws of a society are often complex. Lawyers, also called attorneys, are trained to understand the laws. They give people advice about laws. They also represent people, businesses, and governments during lawsuits, or court cases. They make legal arguments before judges, who oversee the courts, and juries, or groups of citizens. Courts are places where people settle disagreements and decide whether laws have been broken.
Most countries have laws against such serious

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crimes as murder and stealing. Local governments usually pass laws against smaller crimes, such as drawing graffiti on buildings. After the police arrest people for committing crimes, the government brings them to court. Lawyers for the government are called prosecutors. The people accused of crimes are called defendants. Judges may decide whether defendants are guilty and how they should be punished. In some cases juries make those decisions. Possible punishments include fines, or payments to t

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to the government; working without pay; and time in prison. In some places people may be executed, or killed, for committing serious crimes.
Sometimes people think that the actions of others were wrong even though no crime has occurred. The wronged people, called plaintiffs, may decide to sue, or open a civil lawsuit. In a civil lawsuit the plaintiffs say that the defendants broke a promise or hurt them in some way. If the plaintiffs win the case, the defendants must keep their promise or pay

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the plaintiffs money. A judge or a jury decides the amount. For example, imagine that a family pays a company to paint some rooms, but no workers ever arrive. The family may then sue the company to get the work done or their money back.

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=D

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:)