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In the more than 150 years since1844 electronic technology has changed an information transformation in Congress greatly. Five technologies have revolutionized the way Congress communicates with the country, each development making the legislative process more accessible to Americans.
In 1837 inventor Samuel Morse developed the telegraph system. Morse gave the first public demonstration of his telegraph machine in Washington in February 1838. Despite an impressive exhibition of the new technology, Morse did not receive funding until February 3, 1843 when Congress appropriated $10,000 to Morse in order to lay a telegraph line from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Philadelphia. Telegraph lines later linked the Capitol building to the White House and reporters to their respective newspapers.
The first functional telephone was invented by Bell in 1876. Telephone service expanded to Washington in 1879, and changed the information system throughout the Nation’s Capital. The first telephone was installed in the House of Representatives lobby in 1880. The first offices to have telephone's installed in 1889 were the Speaker's room, the Clerk's Office, and the Appropriations Committee. By 1897 the expanding telephone system required a larger switchboard and a fulltime operator. In 1898 Mrs. Harriet Daly became the first switchboard operator for the Capitol. She was the head switchboard operator at the Capitol for 47 years. More than 125 years since the installation of the first telephone in the Capitol, the Capitol switchboard office handles in excess of 30,000 calls per week.
On November 17, 1947 a weekday radio series detailing the significant proceedings of the House and Senate “Congress Today” was first aired. Since 1970 House committees have been permitted to broadcast public hearings live via radio and television.
Interaction between Congress and its constituents have been revolutionized since personal computers were introduced. At first computers were used to assist in the administrative tasks of running a congressional office. Then internal e-mail came into being in the early 1980s. In 1994 the House of Representatives launched its first Web site providing a new level of accessibility to Congress. Now several web sites grant the public instant access to information which once required weeks and even months to obtain.
