Brazil, complete the official form - Federative Republic of Brazil [5] (port República Federativa do Brasil, listen (inf)..) - The largest in area and population of a country in South America and the only Portuguese-speaking in the Americas. Territory - 8514 215.9 square kilometers, accounting for 5.7% of the area of the entire world of sushi. Brazil is in fifth place among the countries in the world by area and by population [1] [2].
Capital - the city of Brasilia. Another version of the name of the city - Brazil [6] [7] [8] - the same as the Russian name of the country.
Brazil was a colony of Portugal from the landing of Pedro Alvares Cabral on the coast of South America in 1500 to the declaration of independence in 1822 in the form of the Brazilian Empire. [1] Brazil became a republic in 1889, although the bicameral parliament, now called Congress, dates back to 1824, when the first constitution [1] has been ratified. The current Constitution defines Brazil as a federal republic, is the Union of the Federal District, 26 states and 5564 municipalities [9] [10].
Brazil has the ninth-largest nominal GDP economies in the world [11] and the seventh GDP calculated at purchasing power parity [12]. Economic reforms have brought the country international recognition. [13] Brazil is in such international organizations as the UN, G20, WTO, Mercosur and the Union of South American Nations, and is one of the BRICS countries.
Significant influence on the culture of the country had Portugal, the former colonial power. The official and practically the only spoken language of the country is Portuguese. By faith the majority of Brazilians - Catholics, making Brazil the country with the largest Catholic population in the world.
In Brazil, he passed 2014 FIFA World Cup, which ended July 13, 2014. Also in Rio de Janeiro will be held 2016 Summer Olympics, and in the city of Brasilia - 2019 Summer Universiade [14].