Medicine is the branch of medical science and spheres of social life associated with maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis and treatment of diseases and injuries. This area of expertise is in the science of body systems, their diseases and treatment — and the applied practice — the art or craft is knowledge. However, medicine often refers more specifically to the issues addressed by physicians and surgeons.
The term "medicine" is sometimes used amongst medical professionals as shorthand for internal medicine. Veterinary medicine is the practice of health care in animal species other than human.