А)
Ca⇒CaO⇒Ca(OH)₂⇒Ca(NO₃)₂⇒CaCO₃⇒CaO⇒CaSiO₃
2Ca + O₂= 2CaO
CaO + H₂O = Ca(OH)₂↓
Ca(OH)₂ + 2HNO₃
= Ca(NO₃)₂ + H₂O
Ca(NO₃)₂ + H₂CO₃
= CaCO₃↓ + 2HNO₃
CaCO₃ + t
= CaO +CO₂↑
CaO + SiO₂(сплавление)
= CaSiO₃↓
Б)
Mg⇒MgO⇒MgCI₂⇒Mg(NO₃)₂⇒MgO⇒Mg₃(PO₄)₂
2Mg + O₂ = 2MgO
MgO+ 2HCl = MgCl₂+ H₂O
MgCl₂+2HNO₃= Mg(NO₃)₂+2HCI↑
2Mg(NO₃)₂
+t = 2MgO+4NO₂↑+O₂↑
3MgO+2H₃PO₄=Mg₃(PO₄)₂↓+3H₂O
В)
Ca⇒Ca(OH)₂⇒CaCO₃⇒CaHCO₃⇒CaCO₃⇒CaO
Ca+2H₂O = Ca(OH)₂ + H₂↑
Ca(OH)₂+CO₂ = CaCO₃↓+H₂O
CaCO₃+CO₂+H₂O = Ca(HCO₃)₂
Ca(HCO₃)₂ +
t =CaCO₃↓+CO₂+H₂O
CaCO₃ +
t = CaO + CO₂↑
Г) вводим в цепочку дополнительно после Mg(NO₃)₂⇒NaOH
Mg⇒Mg(NO₃)₂⇒NaOH ⇒Mg(OH)₂⇒MgSO₄⇒Mg(OH)₂⇒MgO⇒Mg
Mg+ 4HNO₃(60%) = Mg(NO₃)₂ + 2NO₂↑+ 2H₂O
Mg(NO₃)₂ +
2NaOH = Mg(OH)₂↓ + 2NaNO₃
Mg(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄ =
MgSO₄ + 2H₂O
MgSO₄ +
2NaOH = Mg(OH)₂↓ + Na₂SO₄
Mg(OH)₂ + t
= MgO + H₂O
MgO + H₂
= Mg + H₂O
Д)
Ba⇒Ba(OH)₂⇒BaCO₃⇒Ba(NO₃)₂⇒BaSO₄
Ba + 2H₂O = Ba(OH)₂ + H₂↑
Ba(OH)₂ + CO₂ = BaCO₃↓ + H₂O
BaCO₃ + 2HNO₃ = Ba(NO₃)₂ + CO₂↑ + H₂O
Ba(NO₃)₂ + Na₂SO₄ = BaSO₄↓ + 2NaNO₃