Kazan - the capital of the Tatarstan Republic, the city port area of 425.3 square meters. km., is located on the left bank of the Volga River at the point where it empties into the river Kazanka. The latter divides the city into two approximately equal portions. The official 1000 anniversary of the city celebrated in 2005 godu.Do arrival of the Tatar-Mongol existed great city - the capital of Volga Bulgaria, founded by the Turkic-speaking tribes, Bulgars, who moved from the Urals, the lower reaches of the Don and Volga rivers. During the time of the Mongol invasion of Bulgaria was razed to the ground, and the survivors of the residents moved to a small town on the banks of the Kazanka River, located to the north of the former capital. Volga Bulgars obey the Golden Horde, and gradually began to call themselves Tatars.
In 1399 the town was completely destroyed by the Moscow Prince Yuri Dmitrievich. On the restoration of the city took 30 years, on a hill was built Kazan Kremlin, preserved in today's days as one of the historical monuments of world importance. It was situated Khan's palace and the mosque of incredible beauty.