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Astana city
Astana is the capital of the republic of Kazakhstan. It is the third largest city in the country with population over 800 000. In 1999 Astana was awarded a Prize of UNESCO “City of Peace”.
Geographical position and climate
Astana is the northern most capital of Asia. The city is situated in the central Kazakhstan on the banks of the Ishim River. It is located in steppe and has an extreme continental climate – the summers here are hot, while winters are very dry and cold. Astana is the second coldest capital city in the world.
History of the city
The city was founded in 1830 and its first name was Akmolinsk, then in 1961 it was renamed Tselinograd. In 1992 the city’s name was changed to Akmola. Akmola became the capital of Kazakhstan in 1997 and in 1998 the city received its present name Astana.
Economy of Astana
The economy of the city is based on trade, transport and construction. It is a special economic zone. Astana is an important center for business and trade. The most important branches of industry are food processing industry, mechanical engineering and production of construction materials. The city is center for culture, sport, healthcare and education.
Architecture and sights
Astana is a beautiful modern city. The author of the Master Plan of Astana is the famous Japanese architect Kisho Kurokawa. There are a lot of modern futuristic buildings, skyscrapers and monuments. Among them are the symbol of Kazakhstan and Astana renewed, sparkling Baiterek. The top of the 105-meter skyscraper, and is crowned by a gilded rotating ball with a diameter of 22 meters. Huge wings closing the sky, the sacred bird Samruk flies. She strives to Baiterek.
The international organization UNESCO awarded the title of "City of Peace" Astana. In 2001, Astana visited by Pope John Paul II, thereby estimating Kazakhstan's contribution to the solution of religious problems. Specially for "Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions" was built Palace of Peace and Reconciliation - a unique pyramid-shaped building. Pyramid rightly recognized as a center of religion and religious tolerance. Hall "Kheops Atrium" white delights and noble marble. The pyramid has a concert and opera hall, equipped with the latest equipment.
In Astana, a lot of beautiful parks and fountains, and the most famous of them - Fountain "The Tree of Life." The town also has museums and theaters, concert halls and shopping centers. Entertainment center "Duman", the most distant from the sea aquarium with exotic marine life. Apart from the aquarium "Duman" there are a three-dimensional movie theater, video arcade, bowling alley, nightclub, hotel, cafes and restaurants. Astana is the capital of the country, so here are the government buildings and the presidential residence.