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1. Выберите в скобках правильный вариант модального глагола. Переведите предложения.
1. He … (can’t/couldn’t) open the window as it was stuck.
2. Interpreters … (may/must) translate without dictionaries.
3. … (Can/May) I use me your bike for today?
4. … (May/Could) you give me the recipe for this cake?
5. I hardly ever see Jane, she … (may/might) have moved to Africa.
6. Take an umbrella. It … (may/can) rain.
7. You … (could/should) stop smoking. You know you … (cannot/must not) buy health.
8. You … (may/must) finish the article as soon as possible.
9. Liz doesn’t … (ought to/have to) keep to a diet anymore.
10. Lara … (can/might) get a playstation for her birthday.
11. You … (must not/needn’t) read in the dark.
12. My grandfather is retired, so he … (shouldn’t/doesn’t have to) go to work.
13. The fridge is full, so we … (must not/needn’t) go shopping.
14. Our employees … (can/must) sign this agreement.
15. We … (may/ought to) reserve a table in advance if we want to have dinner there.
16. I … (can’t/needn’t) believe it! You … (have to/must) be joking.
17. Ann … (must/is to) finish school next year.
18. Sorry, I’m late. I … (needed to/had to) wait for the plumber.
19. What time do we … (should/have to) be at the railway station?
20. Don’t wait for me tonight. I … (might/must) be late.
21. I … (maynot/can’t) watch this film. It’s too boring.
22. We’ve got a dishwasher, so you … (couldn’t/needn’t) wash-up.
23. You look very pale, I think you … (need/should) stay at home.
24. … (Could/Might) you, please, pass me the mustard?
2. Преобразуйте предложения с модальными глаголами в прошедшее время, начиная с данных слов. Используйте could, had to, was to, was allowed to.
Н-р: Bob can’t dive. (Боб не умеет нырять.) – Last year Bob couldn’t dive. (В прошлом году Боб не умел нырять.)
1. You must show your identity card here. (Ты должен показать удостоверение личности здесь.) – Last night …
2. We can’t buy a new car. (Мы не можем купить новую машину.) – Last summer …
3. Mike may take my laptop computer for a couple of hours. (Майк может взять мой ноутбук на пару часов.) – This morning …
4. Victor has to call his mother. (Виктору нужно позвонить своей маме.) – Yesterday …
5. You don’t need to paper the walls. (Вам не нужно оклеивать стены обоями.) – Yesterday …
6. She is to be at the office at 9 a.m. (Ей нужно быть в офисе в 9 утра.) – Last Friday …
7. You must not tell lies. (Ты не должен лгать.) – Last night …
3. Прочитайте и переведите текст.. Ответьте на вопросы.
Russia
Russia is one of the largest countries in the world.. It occupies about one seventh part of dry land. . The vast territory of Russia lies in the Eastern part of Europe and in the northern part of Asia. . Its total area is over 17 million square kilometres.
Russia is washed by twelve seas and three oceans: the Atlantic, the Arctic, the Pacific.. The northern and eastern coasts of Russia are washed by the White Sea, the Barents Sea and the Okhotsk Sea.
The land of Russia varies a lot from heavy forests to barren deserts, from high peaked mountains to deep valleys. Russia is located on two plains: the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Plain. The Urals is the longest mountain chain.. It separates Europe from Asia.
There are various types of climate on the territory of Russia.. In the south the temperature is usually above zero all year round. The climate of Siberia is continental: summers are hot and dry, winters are very cold.
Russia is a land of long rivers and deep lakes. The Volga River is the longest river in Europe (3690 km). It runs into the Caspian Sea. which is in reality, the largest lake in the world.. The Baikal is the deepest lake in the world.
Russia is rich in natural resources. It has deposits of coal, oil, natural gas, iron ore, gold, nickel, etc.
Russia borders on fourteen countries, including the former Republics of the USSR, which are now independent states.
The population of Russia is about 150 million people.
Now Russia (the Russian Federative Republic) is a Presidential Republic.. Today the state symbol of Russia is a three coloured banner. It has three horizontal stripes: white, blue and red. The white stripe symbolizes the earth, the blue one stands for the sky, and the red one symbolizes liberty.. A new national emblem is a two-headed eagle. It is the most ancient symbol of Russia.
Russia has always played an important role in the world.. It is one of the leading Powers.
Questions:
1. Where were you born?
2. Where is Russia situated?
3. What kind of climate is there in the country?
4. Is Russia a very rich country? Give your reasons.
5. What countries does the Russian Federation border on?
6. What kind of state is Russia now?