1) 20c¹⁰d⁹/15c¹¹d¹² = (20 ÷ 5)c¹⁰d⁹/(15 ÷ 5)c¹¹d¹² = 4/3(c¹⁰⁻¹¹)(d⁹⁻¹²) = (4/3)(c⁻¹)(d⁻³) =
= (4/3)(1/c⁻¹d⁻³) = 4/(3c⁻¹d⁻³) = 4cd³/3
2) (c² - 6c + 9)/cd(c - 3)² = (c - 3)²/cd(c - 3)² = 1/cd
3) (c² - d²)/(c² + 2cd + d²) = (c² - d²)/(c+d)² = (c - d)(c + d)/(c + d)(c + d) =
= (c - d)/(c + d)