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Mikhail Lomonosov
Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov was born on 19 November 1711. He belonged a family of coast-dwelling peasants called "pomory". At the age of ten, he began assisting his father in his cod-fishing and cargo business. During this period he also pursued education in Russian grammar.
He was issued a passport in 1730, and in order to continue his education, he travelled to Moscow in the same year. After some time he was inducted into the Slavic Greek Latin Academy.
He was a brilliant student and post three years of study he was sent to Kiev to spent a year at the Kyiv Academy. However, he was displeased with the education he received in Kiev and returned to Moscow in a short while. Mikhail Lomonosov completed his scheduled twelve-year course within five years and was the topper in his class.
In 1736 he received a scholarship from St. Petersburg Academy and continued his education at the Imperial Academy of Science in Saint Petersburg. The following year, he, along with a few fellow students, was chosen to study at the University of Marburg, Germany.
Between 1739 and 1740, he studied chemistry, philosophy, metallurgy and mineralogy. He intently read the works of philosopher Robert Boyle. Other than this, he was also passionate about German literature and mastered the language. During this period he also started composing his own poems, predominantly odes.
Mikhail Lomonosov came back to Russia in 1741 and commenced research work at the St. Petersburg Academy of Science. A short while later he was made adjutant professor of physics at the Academy department. He was keen to improve the quality of education in Russia and in 1755, he, along with Count Ivan Ivanovich Shuvalov, established the Moscow University.
He was appointed as the Director of the University and Gymnasium of the St. Petersburg Academy of Science in 1760. The same year as a result of his study, he explained the development of icebergs.
He was the first person to record the freezing point of mercury. His other scientific discoveries include the development of the kinetic theory of gases, wave theory of light and a mechanical interpretation of gravity. He also regarded heat to be a form of motion.
In 1761, he made an observation of planet Venus and its orbit around the sun from an observatory near his house in St. Petersburg. His observation led to the hypothesis regarding the existence of atmosphere around the planet.
He developed an updated model of a reflecting telescope that allowed viewers to look at the image with an eyepiece without any obstruction.
He was also an ardent lover of the art of mosaics. In 1763 he established a glass factory that made the first ever stained glass mosaics outside Italy.
Mikhail Lomonosov was an expert in diverse fields, such as geology, physics, literature, geography and chemistry. He gave much importance to the development of education system in Russia and founded the first Russian chemical laboratory at the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences along with the establishment of the Moscow University.
Which science was not M. Lomonosov studying at university?
Philosophy
Chemistry
Psychology
Which city did he find the university in?
Kiev
Moscow
St.Petersburg
What were they making at the factory that he found?
Telescopes
Glass
Mosaics
What languages did he speak fluently?
Russian and English
Russian and German
Russian and French
How many years did it take Lomonosov to finish a twelve-year education course?
12
15
5
Match the words from the text with their synonyms
to explain —
to master —
cargo —
obstruction —
passionate —