HELP ME !!Give the summary of the text (5-7 sentences). ТЕКСТ ОТЛИЧНО ПЕРЕВОДИТЬСЯ ЧЕРЕЗ ПЕРЕВОДЧИК, А ВОТ КАК ОТВЕТИТЬ НА ВОПРОСЫ? ПОМОГИТЕ ПОЖАЛУЙСТА.
Answer the questions:
1. Why do financial markets play an important role in a market economy?
2. In what way does a company sell its shares of stock?
3. What is a primary financial market?
4. What is a secondary financial market?
5. Why is a secondary market so important?
ПО ТЕКСТУ:
Financial markets
Financial markets play an important role in a market economy by channeling money from savers to businesses that use it to invest in new capital resources. Businesses use financial markets as a source for investment funds by selling shares of their stock.
Every day throughout the world, billions of shares of stock are bought and sold. But there is more than one kind of market for stock. When corporation first issues shares of stock, it generally works with an investment banking firm that underwrites the issue. When a firm underwrites a stock issue, it buys all the stock at an agreed price then resells it to the public. It is called the new issue market or primary market.
After a stock has been initially sold, people buy and sell the shares apart from the issuing company. This secondary market is what we commonly call the stock market. This means that money spent to buy shares in the stock market goes to other people who are selling their shares, not to the businesses. It may seem that the stock market is unimportant to businesses that want to raise money in the financial markets. Yet the stock market plays a crucial role. Without a secondary market, few people would buy new issues in the primary market, and firms would have difficulties financing their businesses.
The stock market has various parts. One part consists of organized exchanges like NYSE (the New York Stock Exchange). It lists more than 3,000 large and midsize companies worth more than $16 trillion, including more than 400 non-U.S. companies. It is the world's largest equity market.
Another part of the stock market consists of over-the-counter trading. The term originated when people actually bought and sold shares of stock from merchants who sold food or other supplies "over the counter". Today this market is decentralized, electronic trading system comprising various dealers of which The National Associations of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation system (NASDAQ) is the largest. Microsoft, Apple, Cisco, Yahoo are all listed on NASDAQ. To be listed on these exchanges, there are minimum requirements for market capitalization, revenues, and stockholders. Companies that do not meet these requirements are traded in the so-called "pink sheet" market.