a³-(a-3)³=54+9a²
a³-(a-3)³=27+27+9a²
(a³-27)-(a-3)³=9a²+27
(a³-3³)-(a-3)³=9a²+27
(a-3)(a²+3a+9)-(a-3)³=9a²+27
(a-3)(a²+3a+9)-(a-3)²)=9a²+27
(a-3)(a²+3a+9-(a²-6a+9)=9a²+27
(a-3)(a²+3a+9-a²+6a-9)=9a²+27
(a-3)*9a=9a²+27
9a²-27a=9a²+27
-27a=27 |÷(-27)
a=-1.
Ответ: a=-1.