1)
а) Ca²⁺ + CO₃²⁻ = CaCO₃↓
CaCI₂ + Na₂CO₃ = CaCO₃↓ + 2NaCI
Ca²⁺ + 2CI⁻ + 2Na⁺ + CO₃²⁻ = CaCO₃↓ + 2Na⁺ + 2CI⁻
б) SO₃⁻ + 2H⁺ = SO₂↑ + H₂O
Na₂SO₃ + 2HCI = 2NaCI + SO₂↑ + H₂O
2Na⁺ + SO₃⁻ + 2H⁺ + 2CI⁻ = 2Na⁺ + 2CI⁻ + SO₂↑ + H₂O
в) OH⁻ + H⁺ = H₂O
NaOH + HCI = NaCI + H₂O
Na⁺ + OH⁻ + H⁺ + CI⁻ = Na⁺ + CI⁻ + H₂O
2)
а) Fe³⁺ + 3OH⁻ = Fe(OH)₃↓
FeCI₃ + 3NaOH = Fe(OH)₃↓ + 3NaCI
Fe³⁺ + 3CI⁻ + 3Na⁺ + 3OH⁻ = Fe(OH)₃↓ + 3Na⁺ + 3CI⁻
б) CO₃²⁻ + HCI = CO₂↑ + H₂O
Na₂CO₃ + 2HCI = 2NaCI + CO₂↑ + H₂O
Na⁺ + CO₃²⁻ + 2H⁺ + 2CI⁻ = 2Na⁺ + CI⁻ + CO₂↑ + H₂O
в) Ag⁺ + CI⁻ = AgCI↓
AgNO₃ + NaCI = AgCI↓ + NaNO₃
Ag⁺ + NO₃⁻ + Na⁺ + CI⁻ = AgCI↓ + Na⁺ + NO₃⁻