Ответьте на вопросы:
1) How many groups do the leading geological processes
fall into?
2) What are the processes of the first group?
3) What are the processes which act within or through
the crust?
4) What influences on both groups of processes?
5) Do all the processes require additional source of
energy?
текст-The leading
geological processes fall into two contrasted groups. The first group – denudation and deposition – includes the processes which act on the crust or at or
very near its surface, as a result of the movements and chemical activities of
air, water, ice and living organisms.
Such processes are essentially of external origin. The second group – earth movements, igneous activity and metamorphism – includes the processes which
act within or through the crust, as a result of the physical and chemical
activities of the materials of the substratum (or mantle) and of gases and
magmas in the crust or passing through it. Such processes are essentially of
internal origin.Both groups of processes operate under the control of gravitation (including attractions due
to the sun and the moon), cooperating with the earth’s bodily movements –
rotation about its axes and revolution around the sun.
Each group of processes requires additional source of
energy. The processes of external origin are
specifically maintained by the
radiation of heat from the sun. Those of internal origin are similarly maintained by the liberation of heat from the stores of energy locked within the
earth.