Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra has a huge natural resource potential, is the main oil and gas region of Russia and one of the largest oil-producing regions in the world. Natural capital is one of the main components of sustainable development of the territory, it serves as the Foundation for economic growth and improving the well-being of the population.
However, the resource specifics of the territory, geographical and climatic features, as well as the development of the industrial sector determine the main environmental problems of the Autonomous district: air pollution, water bodies and land, problems of waste disposal and disposal, and the transformation of the habitat of animals and plants.
The above factors have a significant negative impact on the environment and are a constant threat to harm the environment and the vital interests of the population.
In order to ensure a favorable state of the environment and environmental safety on the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Ugra, the state program of the Autonomous Okrug "Ensuring environmental safety of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Ugra for 2014-2020"is being implemented. In the framework of the state program is implemented 4 routines:
- regulation of environmental quality in the Autonomous region;
- conservation of biological diversity in the Autonomous region;
- development of production and consumption waste management system in the Autonomous district;
- development of the water management complex of the Autonomous district.
The government of the Autonomous region has concluded socio-economic cooperation agreements with all major oil companies, which provide for measures aimed at preventing and reducing accidents (replacing worn-out pipes), as well as eliminating accumulated environmental damage (reclamation works), and measures for the utilization of associated petroleum gas.
The entire range of implemented and planned measures of the state program will reduce the negative impact on the environment, increase the volume of prevented environmental damage and increase the protection of the population and economic facilities.
The basis of the territorial nature protection of the Autonomous district is the system of specially protected natural territories (PA) of the Autonomous district. Protected areas allow you to preserve typical and unique natural landscapes, a variety of animals and plants, and objects of natural and cultural heritage. In Ugra, there are 24 specially protected natural territories with a total area of more than 2.7 million hectares, which is 5.2% of the area of the district. In addition, within the County there are two wetlands of international importance: the Upper and Lower Dvuobje Double total area of more than 1 million hectares., designed to protect habitats of waterfowl, fish spawning, preservation of forage bases.