Blood transfusion means the passing of blood into the body of a person (or an animal) from an outside source. Blood transfusion is now part of the regular practice of doctors, and it has saved many lives. This is due to the earlier work of men who experimented with and studied the blood itself.
Blood transfusion was tried before 1700. There were many difficulties, and transfusion often caused serious illness, and even death. No one in those days knew about the different blood groups and they thought that the blood of all human beings was exactly the same.
In the middle of the 17th century there lived in London a writer whose name was Samuel Pepys. He kept a diary of his life in the capital and took an interest in everything that happened in the great city.
Blood transfusion was tried on a man. Pepys wrote in his book that a poor man, Coga by name, received twenty shillings because he allowed some doctors to put the blood of a lamb into his body. The transfusion was done by an English scientist Richard Lower on November 23, 1667. Pepys met Coga a few days later. “Coga, as Pepys wrote, finds himself much better since, and a new man.” It appears from the record that Coga was the first man who was given a blood transfusion in England.
But he was not the first man in Europe who received blood in this way. A blood transfusion had already been performed in France, earlier in 1667, by doctor Jean Denys; this transfusion was probably one of the earliest made on man. Denys put the blood of a lamb into the body of a sick man who had lost much blood.
The first successful blood transfusion in Russia was made by Doctor G.S. Wolf in 1832. A woman was dying in a St. Petersburg’s hospital and Doctor Wolf saved her life by giving her blood from another person.
Russian scientists and doctors contributed greatly to the development of blood transfusion. As far back as 1847 I.M. Sokolov, prosecutor of Moscow University, was the first in the world to put blood serum into the body of a man who had been taken ill with cholera.
1. Blood transfusion means the passing of blood into the body of a person...
1) from the body of his relative
2) from an outside source
3) from artificial source
2. Blood transfusion before 1700 often caused illness because...
1) it caused death
2) people didn't know about different blood groups
3) all human beings had the same blood groups
3. Samuel Pepys kept a diary and took an interest in...
1) medical experiments
2) blood transfusion
3) everything that happened in London
4. Some doctors gave twenty shillings to...
1) Pepys to describe the first blood transfusion in England
2) Coga for a. good lamb
3) Coga to allow them to take the blood transfusion
5. Coga was the first man who was given a blood transfusion...
1)in Europe
2) in England
3)in London
6. The first transfusion in Europe was done by...
1) Richard lower
2) G. S. Wolf
3) Jean Denys
7. The first successful blood transfusion was made... 1)in France
2) in St. Petersburg
3) in England
8. A woman, dying in a St. Petersburg hospital was saved by giving her...
1) human blood
2) her husband's blood
3) a lamb's blood
9. Russian scientists and doctors contributed greatly to the study...
1) of cholera
2) of blood transfusion
3) of blood serum
10. I. M. Sokolov put blood serum into the body of a man...
1) who had been taken ill with cholera
2) who was dying of pneumonia
3) who had recovered from cholera