The teacher in the USSR, pedagogical worker performing the Communist upbringing, education and training of young generation at schools (see Teacher, Educator, Teacher). Activities and public-legal status of U. in pre-revolutionary Russia were defined as any of a class-antagonistic society interests of the ruling of the exploiter classes. On the lowest level of social status was Halyk U., who also taught in primary schools the children of peasants and migrant urban population. People's Doctrine was respected by the working people, came close to him, cared deeply for his injustice and oppression, and therefore was sensitive to the perception of the revolutionary liberation ideas. Given this, the government authorities tightened their control over благонадежностью teachers. Teachers of high schools and other secondary schools occupied a privileged position, the government sought to turn them into loyal officials. However, among a considerable part of teachers to the middle of the 19th century and were widely progressive pedagogical ideas of the Century, Belinsky street, N. A. Dobrolyubova, K. D. Ushinsky and other representatives of Patriotic democratic pedagogy, incompatible with the "Treasury педагогией" Ministry of national education - Ministry "... police investigation, mock youth..." (Lenin great Empress, Full. SOBR. back, 5 ed., so 23, C. 135). Among the progressively-minded part of the teaching, there was growing dissatisfaction with the chore in the organization of teaching process. With the strengthening of the liberation movement in this part of the teaching numerically growing and increasingly positive impact on the direction of the training sessions, to change the style of relationship with students.