1) 3AgNO₃ + H₃PO₄ = Ag₃PO₄↓ + 3HNO₃;
3Ag⁺ + 3NO₃⁻ + 3H⁺ + PO₄³⁻ = Ag₃PO₄↓ + 3H⁺ + 3NO₃⁻;
3Ag⁺ + PO₄³⁻ = Ag₃PO₄↓.
2) Pb(NO₃)₂ + H₂S = PbS↓ + 2HNO₃;
Pb⁺² + 2NO₃⁻ + 2H⁺ + S²⁻ = PbS↓ + 2H⁺ + 2NO₃⁻;
Pb⁺² + S²⁻ = PbS↓.
3) Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6KOH = 2Al(OH)₃↓ + 3K₂SO₄;
2Al⁺³ + 3SO₄²⁻ + 6K⁺ + 6OH⁻ = 2Al(OH)₃↓ + 6K⁺ + 3SO₄²⁻;
2Al⁺³ + 6OH⁻ = 2Al(OH)₃↓;
Al⁺³ + 3OH⁻ = Al(OH)₃↓.