1. Zn + 2HCl = ZnCl₂ + H₂
Zn + 2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ = Zn²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + H₂
Zn + 2H⁺ = Zn²⁺ + H₂
2. CuO + 2HCl = CuCl₂ + H₂O
CuO + 2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ = Cu²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + H₂O
CuO + 2H⁺ = Cu²⁺ + H₂O
3. NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H₂O
Na⁺ + OH⁻ + H⁺ + Cl⁻ = Na⁺ + Cl⁻ + H₂O
H⁺ + OH⁻ = H₂O
4. Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H₂CO₃
2Na⁺ + CO₃²⁻ + 2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ = 2Na⁺ + 2Cl⁻ + H₂CO₃
2H⁺ + CO₃²⁻ = H₂CO₃
5. AgNO₃ + HCl = AgCl + HNO₃
Ag⁺ + NO₃⁻ + H⁺ + Cl⁻ = H⁺ + NO₃⁻ + AgCl
Ag⁺ + Cl⁻ = AgCl