1.
3x+y - x = 3x+y - x = x(3x+y)-x(x+y) =x(3x+y-x-y) =
x²-y² x²-xy (x-y)(x+y) x(x-y) x(x-y)(x+y) x(x-y)(x+y)
= 2x = 2x
(x-y)(x+y) x²-y²
2.
y+a + y-b = y+a + y-b = a(y+a) + b(y-b) =
b²+ab a²+ab b(b+a) a(a+b) ab(a+b)
=ay+a²+by-b² = (a²-b²) +(ay+by) =(a-b)(a+b)+y(a+b) =
ab(a+b) ab(a+b) ab(a+b)
=(a+b)(a-b+y) = a-b+y
ab(a+b) ab