1)
CO + NaOH=(t) HCOONa
HCOONa + H2SO4 = HCOOH + NaHSO4
CH3OH + HCOOH = HCOH + CH3OOH
HCOH + Н2 = СН3ОН
CH3OH+CH3OH=CH3OCH3 +HOH
2)
С4H8O+H2=C4H9OH
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2OH (t,H2SO4 конц) --->H2O + CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 (бутен-1)
CH2 = CH - CH2 - CH3 + HBr = CH3 - CHBr - CH2 - CH3 (2-бромбутан)
CH3 - CHBr - CH2 - CH3 + NaOH(H2O) = NaBr + CH3-CH2-CHOH-CH3(бутанол-2)
3)
Al4C3 + 12HCl → 4AlCl3 + 3CH4
CH₄ + Br₂ → CH₃Br + HBr
2CH3Br+2Na→ C2H6+2NaBr
C2H6→(Ni,t)CH≡CH + 2H₂
C2H2 + 2[Ag(NH3)2]OH→ Ag2C2↓ + 4NH3↑ + 2H2O