a=x-y, b=y-z, c=x+ya+b+c = х-у + у-z+ x+y = 2x-z a=x-y, b=y-z, c=x-za-b-c=x-y -(y-z) -(x-z) =x-y -y+z -x+z= -2y +2z=2(z-y)